Grant made some attacks after bottling Vicksburg but found the Confederates well entrenched. In three weeks time, Grant’s men had marched 180 miles, won five battles and captured some 6,000 prisoners.ĭid you know? After the residents of Vicksburg dug more than 500 caves in the hills around the city and began living in them, Union soldiers started to refer to the town as a "Prairie Dog Village." Siege of Vicksburg Pemberton retreated back to Vicksburg, and Grant sealed off the city by the end of May. Pemberton at Champion Hill, one of the Confederates’ last defenses outside of Vicksburg. On May 16, Grant defeated a force under General John C. Indicated are the locations of Union forces under Sherman, McPherson, McClernand and Carr. Terrain and Confederate fortifications around Vicksburg. After defeating a Confederate force near Jackson, Grant turned his troops back to Vicksburg. Union Admiral David Porter had run his flotilla past the Vicksburg defenses in early May as Grant marched his army down the west bank of the river opposite Vicksburg, crossed over back into Mississippi and drove toward Jackson, the state capitol. Grant to take the city failed in the winter of 1862-63, he renewed his efforts in the spring. Although the first attempt by General Ulysses S. The Vicksburg campaign was one of the Union Army’s most successful endeavors in the Civil War-it was also one of the longest. Vicksburg, given its strategic location on the east bank of the Mississippi River, was “the nailhead that holds the South’s two halves together,” according to Confederate President Jefferson Davis. As the Civil War began, the South controlled the Mississippi River-a critical transportation corridor and supply line-from Cairo, Illinois, all the way down to the Gulf of Mexico.
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